Catcher in the Rye, Macbeth and Death of a Salesman...

In literature, characters often confront challenges and due to their misconceptions of reality these challenges become complicated by external factors, which ultimately lead to tragic results. Willy, from the play Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, Holden, from the novel The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, and Macbeth, from the play Macbeth by William Shakespeare, live with false perceptions of life and struggle through lifes challenges. Willy struggles with the challenges of his life by lying, causing him to suffer because of how he defines success. Holden is upset with the world and tries to become a savior to future generations. While Macbeths ambitions dominates his life resulting in an inflated ego transforming him from an†¦show more content†¦Willy is only a failure because of how he defines success, He had the wrong dreams. All, All, wrong (page 138). Willy put forth an unattainable goal of success and when it fails, he put his aspirations in Biffs hands, who like Willy, cannot win and ultimately they fail each other. Unfortunately for Willy, the people in his life let him down as he did to them Holden, like Willy, does not find what he needs in the people around him. The adults in Holden life are phonies who fail him. Like many confused teenagers, Holden looks up to his parents, but they let him down. Devastated by their son Allies death, Holdens parents suppress their pain by smoking and drinking. Holden cannot talk to his parents, so he turns to Carl Luce, his old school advisor. Holden is confused and he bothers Carl with many sex questions, which aggravates Carl. Carl Luce leaves Holden because Holden behaves childishly. Holden then turns to his old teacher, Mr.Antolini. Holden can talk to Mr.Antolini; he tells Mr.Antolini what is going on with him. But like most people in Holdens life, Mr.Antolini disappoints him; Holden believes that Mr.Antolini tries to make a sexual advance on him. Although it is not a sexual advance, Holden thi nks it is and feels more alone than ever. Now Holden cannot trust any adult in his life. Holdens disgust with adults depresses him because when heShow MoreRelatedEssay Prompts4057 Words   |  17 PagesBarthes’ Observation, write an essay in which you analyze a central question the work raises and the extent to which it offers any answers. Explain how the author’s treatment of this question affects your understanding of the work as a whole. Avoid mere plot summary. You may select a work from the list below or another novel or play of comparable literary merit. Alias Grace Middlemarch All the King’s Men Moby-Dick Candide Obasan Death of a Salesman Oedipus Rex Doctor Faustus

Management Theories - 4938 Words

Basic management models and theories associated with motivation and leadership and be able to apply them to practical situations and problems Management and Change: Basic management models and theories associated with motivation and leadership This section covers :  · Classical Management Theory[-0]  · Human Relations Theory[-1]  · Neo-Human Relations Theory[-2]  · System Theory[-3] Classical Management Theory Here we focus on three well-known early writers on management: Henri Fayol[-4] FW Taylor[-5] Max Weber[-6] Definition of management: Management takes place within a structured organisational setting with prescribed roles. It is directed towards the achievement of aims and objectives through influencing the efforts of others.†¦show more content†¦This was a rigid system where every task became discrete and specialized. It is fair to suggest that this is unlikely to be of value to the NHS with the Modernisation agenda suggesting that we should have a flexible workforce. Key points about Taylor, who is credited with what we now call Taylorism:  · he was in the scientific management school  · his emphases were on efficiency and productivity  · but he ignored many of the human aspects of employment For the managers, scientific management required them to:  · develop a science for each operation to replace opinion and rule of thumb  · determine accurately from the science the correct time and methods for each job (time and motion studies)  · set up a suitable organisation to take all responsibility from the workers except that of the actual job performance  · select and train the workers (in the manner described above)  · accept that management itself be governed by the science deployed for each operation and surrender its arbitrary powers over the workers, i.e. cooperate with them. For the workers, scientific management required them to:  · stop worrying about the divisions of the fruits of production between wages and profits.  · share in the prosperity of the firm by working in the correct way and receiving wage increases.  · give up their idea of time wasting and co-operate with the management in developing the science  · accept thatShow MoreRelatedTerror Management Theory1289 Words   |  6 Pagesboth humans and animals, the understanding of one’s own mortality is uniquely human. How do we, as humans, deal with the terror that is associated with this knowledge? According to Terror Management Theory (TMT), developed by Jeff Greenberg, Sheldon Solomon, and Tom Pyszczynski (1989), the need for â€Å"terror management† is a fundamental function possessed by humans and cultural systems. Based on the writings of anthropologist Ernest Becker and inspired by Freud’s work on how death provokes belief in mysticalRead MoreManagement Theory And Management Theories1254 Words   |  6 Pagespurpose of developing the management theories is to bring out better ways to manage people. According to Aguinaldo Powell (2002), management theory evolves con-stantly with the continuous stream of new ideas that come from the attempts to transform theory into practice, and vice versa. As essen tial personnel identify promising methods that assist in managing responsibilities, it will lead to management theories progressing. This paper will il-lustrate how management theories have emerged over theRead MoreManagement Theory And Management Theories1272 Words   |  6 Pagespurpose of developing the management theories is to bring out better ways to manage people. According to Aguinaldo Powell (2002), management theory evolves con-stantly with the continuous stream of new ideas that come from the attempts to transform theory into practice, and vice versa. As essential personnel identify promising methods that assist in managing responsibilities, it will lead to management theories progressing. This paper will il-lustrate how management theories have emerged over theRead MoreManagement Theories And Management Theory1003 Words   |  5 PagesManagement Theories Management theory can be used in many organizations when starting out a business. It addresses how managers and leaders relate to their organization in the knowledge of their goals. It implements on how to set the goals and motivate their employees to perform in a high standard. Management theory consist of three important aspects operation strategy, innovation management and process management. Operation Strategy is to maximize the effectiveness of the whole production, butRead MoreManagement Theories Of Management Theory2222 Words   |  9 PagesManagement Theories Evolution Management practice cannot exist without the support of a theory. The complex character of management as the scholarly discipline, the variety of opinions concerning the essence and content of management theory, require systematizing knowledge about this phenomenon. Management theory is a relatively new science since its systematic development and academic research has started mostly in the 20th century. Although it is difficult to name the most important theories andRead MoreThe Theory Of Management And Management1690 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Management is one of the remarkable activities within human society began with a group or to an larger organization that are able to accomplish a same goals and objectives, by defining what is management and how is important to human being society many management theorists have produces (many models that can be used for successful organization change and winners respond to the past and complexity of change and adapt learn and act quickly (Mildred,G. Sonia T. 2008 ) different theories or viewsRead MoreThe Contingency Management Theory And Management Theories1164 Words   |  5 Pagesof management, understand different management theories and to apply them appropriately depending on the organization, the mission and the situation. Flexibility is one of the greatest traits a manager can possess in an extremely competitive market. One management theory that subscribes to flexibility is the contingency management theory. Adaptability is crucial in today’s business environment, especially for organizations trying to remain significant in global industries. All management theoriesRead MoreThe Theory Of Management And The Scientific Management Theory Essay1208 Words   |  5 PagesTheories of management date back to the beginning of times. Every aspect of life contains some form of management. From managing oneself, to managing employees, to managing an entire corporation, management is a key part of life. Over time different theories have been developed and have evolved. Some of the first theories ever explored include the administrative management theory and the scientific management theory. While both of these theories were studied in depth, I believe that one of the greatestRead MoreManagement Theory Of Management And Management937 Words   |  4 Pagesnumber of theories have been used in company management. However, management of company could not be effective if only rely on theories. In fact, a good company development requires not only suitable theories selection but also consistency with practice in appropriate organization environment. Further, a company’s successful also need team work, creatively to together process. This essay focuses on how to make the company management effectively with some cases. There is no doubt that theory of managementRead MoreEvolution Of Management Theory And Management Theories2135 Words   |  9 PagesEvolution of Management Theory Jamal Roberts Pasco Hernando State College Evolution of Management Theory In reality, every person in a management position handles the way that they do their job differently. Management is one of the most important parts of an organization, if not the most important. However, the development of management in organizations has changed dramatically from the late eighteenth century to now. In the eighteenth century, managers relied on power and setting strict

Dividend Payout and Profitability of a Public-Listed Company

Question: Describe about the Dividend Payout and Profitability of a Public-Listed Company. Answer: Introduction To find out if there exists any relationship and the extent of the relationship between dividend payout and profitability of Woolworth supermarkets, Coles and Aldi Profitability is key to long term success of a company or organization. Therefore, it is imperative to find out the other factors that will affect the profitability of Woolworths so as to make informed judgement about any future investments in the company. According to (Woolworths Online, 2016), Woolworths supermarket is a subgroup of the Woolworths limited and was founded in December 1924 and is found in 961 locations and account to more than 80% of the Australian market with fellow giant Coles. Their strong dominance makes the Australian market look almost near perfect duopoly. The three of them, Woolworths, Aldi and Coles hold the largest market share in Australia. The independent variable is dividend payout while the dependent variable is the profitability of the company. Literature review According to (McLaney and Atrill, 2012), a study between the relationship between the dividend and profitability was already carried out. In this research, we will narrow down to find if this relationship exits for public-listed companies like Woolworth, Coles and Aldi in Australia. The study, therefore, narrows down to the companies that are all located in Australia. Methods According to (Financeformulas.net, 2016), dividend can be described as the amount of money which will be paid by a company regularly and mostly quarterly and is drawn from the profits made by the company in that period. Therefore, dividend payout ratio is said to be the amount of the dividends, as described above, that will be paid to the shareholders of a company and which is dependent to the total bet income that a company earns in a given time period. Not all the profits are paid out to the shareholders and the amount that is retained by the company is used for development and growth purposes by the organization. This amount that is held back by the company for such purposes is called the retained profits of a company. According to (My Accounting Course, 2016), profitability of a company can be defined as being capability of an organization to utilize all the resources at its disposal so as to earn profits from its operations and this often forms on of the four pillars that are commonly used in the analysis of the statements of finance as well as the general performance of an organization. Other than profitability, other pillars that will be often used in this analysis include; solvency, the prospects of the potential market as well as the efficiency. These are the factors that anyone linked to the business may it be as an investors, client, creditors or even managers will attempt to use in their forecasts about the future and the effects these could have if carried out well. Two things that affect profitability include revenues, which is the income made by the business and his includes the sales of goods as well as the provision of services and expenses which is the general expenditure by the busi ness. According to (Reference, 2016), a pubic listed company is the direct opposite of the private business and is owned by stakeholders who can buy themselves the shares of the company or dispose of them from the stock exchange market or the open over-the counter market. The formula for the dividend payout ratio is given by; Dividend payout ratio = Total Dividends / Total Net income Another method of obtaining the dividend payout ratio is; Dividend payout ratio = 1- Retention The total net income as given in the formula above can be calculated from the companys books of accounts and specifically the income statement. This formulae will be used when there are considerations to be done in order to determine whether it would be profitable to make any investments in the public-listed company whose shares can be bought in the stock market. This formula will take into account both the dividends and also the high potential growth rates. As such, this formulas will makes assumptions on the steady income as well as the rate of reinvestment with future possible earnings in mind, given that the chosen company posts a net income. It is worth noting that the ratio of retention and also the ration of the dividend payout should sum up to 1 or 100 percent of the total net income posted by the company. The assumption made in these calculations is that whatever amount that is not paid out to the shareholders as profit revenue is recycled by the company as funding for future business activity expansion. There also exists the possibility that a company could post a net income but still have its dividend payout ratio as 0%. In such cases, it would mean that the company had decided to reinvest all the cash that that been found from the net income into future investment opportunities. The sampling technique applied is the simple random sampling. Sampling is a techniques in which statistical data from a large data set is picked at random and is often predetermined (Investopedia, 2016). Data from different reliable sources is collected by way of observation. Results and Discussion There exists relationships between the dividend payout ratio and the profitability of a company. According to the results obtained in this study, a high dividend payout ratio would translate into the company investing very little amount of cash into its possible future business options. As such, the company might be at risk for failure to diversify and may be heavily affected in case of business failure in the field that the company focusses on. It is therefore important for a company to have a healthy dividend payout ratio that ensures that the shareholders are paid for the risk they take in investing in the business but also it gives the company enough resources to face any hard circumstances and gives it the power to change and/ or diversify its portfolio. Posting a low dividend payout ratio could be interpreted as meaning that the company is making low net incomes which means less dividends and less retained cash. In this situation it likely that the company is having a difficult time in the market or they are making normal profits but have a lot of debts and other backlogs to clear. If a company is posting dividend payout ratio of 0 despite the fact that the said company had posted a posting a total net income, it would mean that the company is so concerned about its future that is willing to sacrifice the earnings payable to a the shareholders to invest all the net income made and thus the company would have a ready arsenal if the opted to expand and/or diversify to a new market. Conclusion According to (Boundless, 2016), when taking an investors viewpoint, the most important thing is the retention of profits to ensure and this is one of the fundamental pillars on which a company is built on and whose importance cannot be undermined. A shareholders is likely to be keen on what is the capital that is given to the company releases to them as the dividend payout ratio and the amount of money that is retained by the company which is known as retained funds. The amount of money that the company pays to investors through the dividend payments as well as the indirect capital gains and the retained profits. From their viewpoint, stakeholders will want the retained profits to be used by the company to not only maximize on operations that are currently in place but also to ensure that the company is able to make the highest profits possible. Thus, retained profits will be held in the reserves of the company and their main purpose will be to aid in future earning growths and expansion. Some firms need hefty sums of startup capital objective to carry on tasks. These corporations are typically not capable to dispense remunerations, since their capitals are secured up for maintenance and repairs. These firms also offer limited development opportunities, as incomes are not invested for the purpose of development. In the meanwhile some firms can retain incomes and put it back to create more for example, spend in development opportunities. These companies are striking to investors, despite of the low dispersal of profits. Shareholders are more likely to support and invest in companies that give the higher income and that have much lower rate of capital growth and as such a company that offers low dividend payout ratio would be ideal since this would translate to lower rates of capital gains tax. Companies that have very high rates of growth in their early life will tend to have the low ratios of payout as the focus on reinvestment and diversification. In the process of maturation, the earnings that are returned to the investors will gradually increase. A relationship exists between the dividends payout and the profitability of the public listed company. There exists a link between dividends payout that are paid out to the shareholders and the long term profitability of the company. References Woolworths Online. (2016). Woolworths Supermarket - Buy Groceries Online. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworths.com.au/ [Accessed 14 Dec. 2016]. Financeformulas.net. (2016). Dividend Payout Ratio. [Online] Available at: https://www.financeformulas.net/Dividend_Payout_Ratio.html [Accessed 14 Dec. 2016]. My Accounting Course. (2016). Profitability - Definition | Meaning | Example. [Online] Available at: https://www.myaccountingcourse.com/accounting-dictionary/profitability [Accessed 14 Dec. 2016]. Reference. (2016). What is a publicly listed company?. [Online] Available at: https://www.reference.com/business-finance/publicly-listed-company-c0f52a5d3cd3b20 [Accessed 14 Dec. 2016]. Boundless. (2016). Relationship between Dividend Payments and the Growth Rate. [Online] Available at: https://www.boundless.com/finance/textbooks/boundless-finance-textbook/stock-valuation-7/stock-valuation-74/relationship-between-dividend-payments-and-the-growth-rate-335-6420/ [Accessed 14 Dec. 2016]. Investopedia. (2016). Sampling. [Online] Available at: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/sampling.asp [Accessed 14 Dec. 2016]. McLaney, E. and Atrill, P. (2012). Accounting. 1st ed. Harlow: Financial Times/Prentice Hall.

In The Novel, To Kill A Mockingbird, By Harper Lee, The Author Comment Essay Example For Students

In The Novel, To Kill A Mockingbird, By Harper Lee, The Author Comment Essay s onlife. Specifically, Harper Lee comments on racism and true courage. Racism is the first subject that the author comments on. It is obviousfrom her writing that she feels racism is that it is wrong. This is displayed inseveral ways. The best example of racism is the trial of Tom Robinson. Tomreceived a guilty verdict even though he was innocent. The white juryconvicted him for the sole reason that he is black. Another example of racismis that fact the black children were not educated. Only the white children ofMaycomb were granted the right to go to school. Another example of racismis the way people acted at Calpurnias church. Unlike the other examples ofracism described, this is not white vs. black discrimination, but black vs. whiteracism. Lula, a member of the First Purchase Church, thought that Jem andScout should not be there because of the fact that they are white. She wasvery open about expressing this opinion. True courage is another aspect of life that Harper Lee comments on. Her comment is that true courage is when a person begins something, eventhough they are already licked. True courage is displayed by Atticus Finch. Atticus showed this by the fact that he defended a black man to the best ofhis ability, even though the majority of people in the town were against him. He defended Tom and created reasonable doubt. He put his reputation onthe line for what he believed. Mrs. Dubose, an elderly neighbor, also displayedtrue courage. She demonstrated true courage by the fact that she tried tobeat her addiction even though it meant dying in pain. As can be seen, the author comments on racism and true courage. Hercomments are that racism is wrong and true courage is beginning somethingeven though you are guaranteed a loss.

A Sample Essay For Work Life Balance

A Sample Essay For Work Life BalanceIf you are working at a job where you have the stereotypical 'work life balance' in your personal life, then you know that this can be difficult to maintain. While there are some people who find the balancing act easy, there are others who struggle. If you have found yourself making career changes to accommodate work-life balance, then this sample essay may be of interest to you.When you are balancing your personal and professional lives, you are often at a loss for where to start. You do not know where to start, so you feel lost and hopeless. This is why a sample essay can help you in this difficult situation. Many writers feel that giving a sample essay that is long and boring can be frustrating. But if you give them something that they can relate to, it will help them find their way.A sample essay should be brief and simple. It should not make students feel as though they are having to write an entire essay. Students tend to be more analytical t han spontaneous when writing an essay. They will find their own inner voice, but it may not be something that they can articulate in the essay. By giving them a short, basic outline, you can show them how to organize the information, and how to make the first few sections to reflect their own experiences.One of the first steps to take in balancing your work life balance is to decide which activities you would like to do. You need to decide what type of activities you would like to do; what time of day or night you would like to go out for them. Knowing what you want to do ahead of time helps students see that they can do the activities that they like when they are interested in doing them.Now that you have determined your activities, you need to come up with a general plan for what time of day to go out and do them. Students should try to find their own interests, but if they are not sure about what they want to do, they can refer to a sample essay for ideas. It may help them to loo k for suggestions in the sample essay.Students can use the sample essay to draw connections between different types of activities they might be interested in. They can also compare and contrast different activities to help them remember their work life balance. They can make use of the sample essay to determine if they are really comfortable doing an activity at the time. This will allow them to make a better decision on the activities that they want to do.Samples can be found online, at college libraries, and in many other places. Before you select a sample, make sure you understand exactly what it is. It should be designed in such a way that it allows students to relate it to their own situations. You may want to ask students who have used it to see what comments they had about it.Students are often amazed when they begin to use samples for work life balance. They can feel proud that they did something creative and original in order to manage their balance between work and home.

The Rise of Fascism

Spies in the Civil War essays

Spies in the Civil War essays The Civil War was the bloodiest, most devestating war that has ever been fought on American soil. It began on April 12, 1861, at 4:30 in the morning. The main reason that the war was fought was because Southern states believed that they should have the right to use African-Americans as slaves, and the Northern States opposed that belief. Millions of American men and women fought against each other in this war, and more than half a million died. Yes, that is a fact. The men were usually soldiers. Women tended to be nurses, aides, or doctors, although some of them posed as men in order to be able to fight in the war. Some of these men and women, though, were spies. Instead of fighting with guns and ammunition, these people fought through secrets and sabotage. These tactics turned out to be essential. Battle could be won or lost depending on information aquired from spies. Back then, spying was hardly the same as it is today, with all of our high-tech gadgets and well-organised secret agent groups. However, most of the things that spies do today were done in the nineteenth century just as effectively. On thing that spies did was send messages, which were usually about the enemy's plans and movements, their troop size, their supplies, and the placement or strength of their forts. Many used coded messages with words that stood for different words. Some had different symbols for letters and numbers. Some spies even used inivisible ink. The spies also had ways of concealing the messages that they had to deliver. Messages were often hidden in articles of clothing. People had to write on silk, that was then sewn into clothing, and spies could also hide information in large metal buttons. Women's clothing was ideal for hiding things in. Sometimes, they would even hide people under their hoop skirts! Two other things that spies did often were interceptin gmilitary dispatches and sending supplies. Supplies were often ...