Dividend Payout and Profitability of a Public-Listed Company

Question: Describe about the Dividend Payout and Profitability of a Public-Listed Company. Answer: Introduction To find out if there exists any relationship and the extent of the relationship between dividend payout and profitability of Woolworth supermarkets, Coles and Aldi Profitability is key to long term success of a company or organization. Therefore, it is imperative to find out the other factors that will affect the profitability of Woolworths so as to make informed judgement about any future investments in the company. According to (Woolworths Online, 2016), Woolworths supermarket is a subgroup of the Woolworths limited and was founded in December 1924 and is found in 961 locations and account to more than 80% of the Australian market with fellow giant Coles. Their strong dominance makes the Australian market look almost near perfect duopoly. The three of them, Woolworths, Aldi and Coles hold the largest market share in Australia. The independent variable is dividend payout while the dependent variable is the profitability of the company. Literature review According to (McLaney and Atrill, 2012), a study between the relationship between the dividend and profitability was already carried out. In this research, we will narrow down to find if this relationship exits for public-listed companies like Woolworth, Coles and Aldi in Australia. The study, therefore, narrows down to the companies that are all located in Australia. Methods According to (Financeformulas.net, 2016), dividend can be described as the amount of money which will be paid by a company regularly and mostly quarterly and is drawn from the profits made by the company in that period. Therefore, dividend payout ratio is said to be the amount of the dividends, as described above, that will be paid to the shareholders of a company and which is dependent to the total bet income that a company earns in a given time period. Not all the profits are paid out to the shareholders and the amount that is retained by the company is used for development and growth purposes by the organization. This amount that is held back by the company for such purposes is called the retained profits of a company. According to (My Accounting Course, 2016), profitability of a company can be defined as being capability of an organization to utilize all the resources at its disposal so as to earn profits from its operations and this often forms on of the four pillars that are commonly used in the analysis of the statements of finance as well as the general performance of an organization. Other than profitability, other pillars that will be often used in this analysis include; solvency, the prospects of the potential market as well as the efficiency. These are the factors that anyone linked to the business may it be as an investors, client, creditors or even managers will attempt to use in their forecasts about the future and the effects these could have if carried out well. Two things that affect profitability include revenues, which is the income made by the business and his includes the sales of goods as well as the provision of services and expenses which is the general expenditure by the busi ness. According to (Reference, 2016), a pubic listed company is the direct opposite of the private business and is owned by stakeholders who can buy themselves the shares of the company or dispose of them from the stock exchange market or the open over-the counter market. The formula for the dividend payout ratio is given by; Dividend payout ratio = Total Dividends / Total Net income Another method of obtaining the dividend payout ratio is; Dividend payout ratio = 1- Retention The total net income as given in the formula above can be calculated from the companys books of accounts and specifically the income statement. This formulae will be used when there are considerations to be done in order to determine whether it would be profitable to make any investments in the public-listed company whose shares can be bought in the stock market. This formula will take into account both the dividends and also the high potential growth rates. As such, this formulas will makes assumptions on the steady income as well as the rate of reinvestment with future possible earnings in mind, given that the chosen company posts a net income. It is worth noting that the ratio of retention and also the ration of the dividend payout should sum up to 1 or 100 percent of the total net income posted by the company. The assumption made in these calculations is that whatever amount that is not paid out to the shareholders as profit revenue is recycled by the company as funding for future business activity expansion. There also exists the possibility that a company could post a net income but still have its dividend payout ratio as 0%. In such cases, it would mean that the company had decided to reinvest all the cash that that been found from the net income into future investment opportunities. The sampling technique applied is the simple random sampling. Sampling is a techniques in which statistical data from a large data set is picked at random and is often predetermined (Investopedia, 2016). Data from different reliable sources is collected by way of observation. Results and Discussion There exists relationships between the dividend payout ratio and the profitability of a company. According to the results obtained in this study, a high dividend payout ratio would translate into the company investing very little amount of cash into its possible future business options. As such, the company might be at risk for failure to diversify and may be heavily affected in case of business failure in the field that the company focusses on. It is therefore important for a company to have a healthy dividend payout ratio that ensures that the shareholders are paid for the risk they take in investing in the business but also it gives the company enough resources to face any hard circumstances and gives it the power to change and/ or diversify its portfolio. Posting a low dividend payout ratio could be interpreted as meaning that the company is making low net incomes which means less dividends and less retained cash. In this situation it likely that the company is having a difficult time in the market or they are making normal profits but have a lot of debts and other backlogs to clear. If a company is posting dividend payout ratio of 0 despite the fact that the said company had posted a posting a total net income, it would mean that the company is so concerned about its future that is willing to sacrifice the earnings payable to a the shareholders to invest all the net income made and thus the company would have a ready arsenal if the opted to expand and/or diversify to a new market. Conclusion According to (Boundless, 2016), when taking an investors viewpoint, the most important thing is the retention of profits to ensure and this is one of the fundamental pillars on which a company is built on and whose importance cannot be undermined. A shareholders is likely to be keen on what is the capital that is given to the company releases to them as the dividend payout ratio and the amount of money that is retained by the company which is known as retained funds. The amount of money that the company pays to investors through the dividend payments as well as the indirect capital gains and the retained profits. From their viewpoint, stakeholders will want the retained profits to be used by the company to not only maximize on operations that are currently in place but also to ensure that the company is able to make the highest profits possible. Thus, retained profits will be held in the reserves of the company and their main purpose will be to aid in future earning growths and expansion. Some firms need hefty sums of startup capital objective to carry on tasks. These corporations are typically not capable to dispense remunerations, since their capitals are secured up for maintenance and repairs. These firms also offer limited development opportunities, as incomes are not invested for the purpose of development. In the meanwhile some firms can retain incomes and put it back to create more for example, spend in development opportunities. These companies are striking to investors, despite of the low dispersal of profits. Shareholders are more likely to support and invest in companies that give the higher income and that have much lower rate of capital growth and as such a company that offers low dividend payout ratio would be ideal since this would translate to lower rates of capital gains tax. Companies that have very high rates of growth in their early life will tend to have the low ratios of payout as the focus on reinvestment and diversification. In the process of maturation, the earnings that are returned to the investors will gradually increase. A relationship exists between the dividends payout and the profitability of the public listed company. There exists a link between dividends payout that are paid out to the shareholders and the long term profitability of the company. References Woolworths Online. (2016). Woolworths Supermarket - Buy Groceries Online. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworths.com.au/ [Accessed 14 Dec. 2016]. Financeformulas.net. (2016). Dividend Payout Ratio. [Online] Available at: https://www.financeformulas.net/Dividend_Payout_Ratio.html [Accessed 14 Dec. 2016]. My Accounting Course. (2016). Profitability - Definition | Meaning | Example. [Online] Available at: https://www.myaccountingcourse.com/accounting-dictionary/profitability [Accessed 14 Dec. 2016]. Reference. (2016). What is a publicly listed company?. [Online] Available at: https://www.reference.com/business-finance/publicly-listed-company-c0f52a5d3cd3b20 [Accessed 14 Dec. 2016]. Boundless. (2016). Relationship between Dividend Payments and the Growth Rate. [Online] Available at: https://www.boundless.com/finance/textbooks/boundless-finance-textbook/stock-valuation-7/stock-valuation-74/relationship-between-dividend-payments-and-the-growth-rate-335-6420/ [Accessed 14 Dec. 2016]. Investopedia. (2016). Sampling. [Online] Available at: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/sampling.asp [Accessed 14 Dec. 2016]. McLaney, E. and Atrill, P. (2012). Accounting. 1st ed. Harlow: Financial Times/Prentice Hall.

In The Novel, To Kill A Mockingbird, By Harper Lee, The Author Comment Essay Example For Students

In The Novel, To Kill A Mockingbird, By Harper Lee, The Author Comment Essay s onlife. Specifically, Harper Lee comments on racism and true courage. Racism is the first subject that the author comments on. It is obviousfrom her writing that she feels racism is that it is wrong. This is displayed inseveral ways. The best example of racism is the trial of Tom Robinson. Tomreceived a guilty verdict even though he was innocent. The white juryconvicted him for the sole reason that he is black. Another example of racismis that fact the black children were not educated. Only the white children ofMaycomb were granted the right to go to school. Another example of racismis the way people acted at Calpurnias church. Unlike the other examples ofracism described, this is not white vs. black discrimination, but black vs. whiteracism. Lula, a member of the First Purchase Church, thought that Jem andScout should not be there because of the fact that they are white. She wasvery open about expressing this opinion. True courage is another aspect of life that Harper Lee comments on. Her comment is that true courage is when a person begins something, eventhough they are already licked. True courage is displayed by Atticus Finch. Atticus showed this by the fact that he defended a black man to the best ofhis ability, even though the majority of people in the town were against him. He defended Tom and created reasonable doubt. He put his reputation onthe line for what he believed. Mrs. Dubose, an elderly neighbor, also displayedtrue courage. She demonstrated true courage by the fact that she tried tobeat her addiction even though it meant dying in pain. As can be seen, the author comments on racism and true courage. Hercomments are that racism is wrong and true courage is beginning somethingeven though you are guaranteed a loss.

A Sample Essay For Work Life Balance

A Sample Essay For Work Life BalanceIf you are working at a job where you have the stereotypical 'work life balance' in your personal life, then you know that this can be difficult to maintain. While there are some people who find the balancing act easy, there are others who struggle. If you have found yourself making career changes to accommodate work-life balance, then this sample essay may be of interest to you.When you are balancing your personal and professional lives, you are often at a loss for where to start. You do not know where to start, so you feel lost and hopeless. This is why a sample essay can help you in this difficult situation. Many writers feel that giving a sample essay that is long and boring can be frustrating. But if you give them something that they can relate to, it will help them find their way.A sample essay should be brief and simple. It should not make students feel as though they are having to write an entire essay. Students tend to be more analytical t han spontaneous when writing an essay. They will find their own inner voice, but it may not be something that they can articulate in the essay. By giving them a short, basic outline, you can show them how to organize the information, and how to make the first few sections to reflect their own experiences.One of the first steps to take in balancing your work life balance is to decide which activities you would like to do. You need to decide what type of activities you would like to do; what time of day or night you would like to go out for them. Knowing what you want to do ahead of time helps students see that they can do the activities that they like when they are interested in doing them.Now that you have determined your activities, you need to come up with a general plan for what time of day to go out and do them. Students should try to find their own interests, but if they are not sure about what they want to do, they can refer to a sample essay for ideas. It may help them to loo k for suggestions in the sample essay.Students can use the sample essay to draw connections between different types of activities they might be interested in. They can also compare and contrast different activities to help them remember their work life balance. They can make use of the sample essay to determine if they are really comfortable doing an activity at the time. This will allow them to make a better decision on the activities that they want to do.Samples can be found online, at college libraries, and in many other places. Before you select a sample, make sure you understand exactly what it is. It should be designed in such a way that it allows students to relate it to their own situations. You may want to ask students who have used it to see what comments they had about it.Students are often amazed when they begin to use samples for work life balance. They can feel proud that they did something creative and original in order to manage their balance between work and home.

The Rise of Fascism

Spies in the Civil War essays

Spies in the Civil War essays The Civil War was the bloodiest, most devestating war that has ever been fought on American soil. It began on April 12, 1861, at 4:30 in the morning. The main reason that the war was fought was because Southern states believed that they should have the right to use African-Americans as slaves, and the Northern States opposed that belief. Millions of American men and women fought against each other in this war, and more than half a million died. Yes, that is a fact. The men were usually soldiers. Women tended to be nurses, aides, or doctors, although some of them posed as men in order to be able to fight in the war. Some of these men and women, though, were spies. Instead of fighting with guns and ammunition, these people fought through secrets and sabotage. These tactics turned out to be essential. Battle could be won or lost depending on information aquired from spies. Back then, spying was hardly the same as it is today, with all of our high-tech gadgets and well-organised secret agent groups. However, most of the things that spies do today were done in the nineteenth century just as effectively. On thing that spies did was send messages, which were usually about the enemy's plans and movements, their troop size, their supplies, and the placement or strength of their forts. Many used coded messages with words that stood for different words. Some had different symbols for letters and numbers. Some spies even used inivisible ink. The spies also had ways of concealing the messages that they had to deliver. Messages were often hidden in articles of clothing. People had to write on silk, that was then sewn into clothing, and spies could also hide information in large metal buttons. Women's clothing was ideal for hiding things in. Sometimes, they would even hide people under their hoop skirts! Two other things that spies did often were interceptin gmilitary dispatches and sending supplies. Supplies were often ...

The Phenomenon of Georgia OKeeffe Research Paper

The Phenomenon of Georgia OKeeffe - Research Paper Example With the combination of thin paint and her natural ideas put O'Keeffe years ahead of her time. O'Keeffe ancestors were of Irish and Hungarian origin. She grew as a thoughtful child who did things in a manner that was her own way. She decided to become a painter at a very early age and she said "That was the thing I can do the best because that was nobody else's business." Georgia O'Keeffe was a teenager when she moved to Williamsburg with her parents. At Williamsburg she attended the CPEI "Chatham Protestant Episcopal Institute" from where she graduated in the year 1905. In 1907 she joined Art Institute at Chicago and in the same year she also joined the Art Students League at New York. Her artistic ability developed when she started to draw the paintings using oil paint on the piece of canvas. She made a famous oil painting of "Dead Rabbit with Copper Pot." As a result scholarship was awarded to her and it was an early indication of O'Keeffe being a genius. (Weingarten, & Higgerson, 2001) This gave Georgia a sense of achievement as she felt her work very different from the other still painters of her time and the ones before her. For a very brief period she worked as a freelance commercial artist in the city of Chicago. Later she became an arts teacher at Chicago and considered this work to be more pliable. In the year 1914, she became supervisor of art for all the public schools in the city of Amarillo, Texas. In 1920 she became head of the department of art at the College of Normal in Canyon, Texas. (Weingarten, & Higgerson, 2001) In this period O'Keeffe stop painting for a while and studied the art theories of "Arthur Wesley Dow" who was a famous lecturer of art at the University of Columbia. Georgia learned to find and create two dimensional reality in pictorial art. Dow also taught her that these realities must be based on pure aesthetic principles and taught her that composition of pictorial art should be abstract and it must be based on color, line, dark masses and light, symmetry and repetition. O'Keeffe also learned that all these things are important along with solitude, state of isolation and emotional ferment. Georgia O'Keeffe Life in New York Georgia O'Keeffe had a boyfriend with whom she had a conflict over something and that gave her some personal touch in the field of art. All these factors contributed in starting full time painting once again. She experimented with watercolors, oil paints and also the drawing using charcoal. In 1915 Georgia mailed few of her charcoal drawings to her friend who lived in New York. These charcoal drawings brought her artistic immortality. The reason for this was that her friend showed these drawing to Alfred Stieglitz, who was a renowned photographer. Alfred Stieglitz exhibited all these drawing at "Art Gallery 291" on 5th Avenue in New York. These drawing drew the attention of general public. As a reticent person O'Keeffe went to New York to oppose the display of her drawings and demanded an immediate removal. However Stieglitz persuaded her and he wanted these paintings to remain and also wanted her to continue her carrier for her own interest in abstract designs. (Reily, 2007) The d esigns used by Georgia were bud-like forms which where rounded and jagged between undulating

Non western epistemologies and etiologies of disease and cures Essay

Non western epistemologies and etiologies of disease and cures - Essay Example When a Filipino gets sick he asks three questions which reveal the three sources of sickness from his point of view - he first question is asked because Filipinos believe there are physical causes for illness. It could be something that he ate or drank, a change in the weather, taking a bath at the wrong time (during menstruation or fever), or germs. These sicknesses are treated by doctors but due to the cost of western medicine, folk medicine is usually resorted to. This includes use of herbs and chemicals and sometimes saying a powerful prayer (Henry, 2006). If there is no apparent physical cause or if medical doctors are unable to cure a sickness, the second question is asked on the belief that if God or the spirit-world has been offended, then sickness could be sent as a punishment. With this background, a health practitioner dealing with this particular cultural group has to be aware and sensitive enough so as to deliver a patient-centered and patient-approved service as what Leonard Berry, a professor in Mays Business School at Texas A&M proposes (2003). Professor Berry studied the healthcare industry and says that its future depends on a patient-centered approach. Berry explained - Working at the high-end of expertise is a departure from what goes on now in the industry.. It means that specialist physicians should do less of what generalist physicians can do, generalist physicians should do less of what non-physician providers - such as nurses and physician's assistants - can do, and non physician providers should do less of what clinical staff can do. What's more, each caregiver should do less of what appropriately instructed patients and families can do for themselves". This patient-centered approach complements the concept of cultural competence among health practitioners which requires awareness and sensitivity to patients' cultural differences. Through this approach, patients are educated about their conditions, encouraged to ask questions and collaboration, discuss how the condition affects the patient emotionally, and involve patients in treatment decisions. In this way, a better served client is assured therefore lifting the quality of health care delivery. Works Cited Henry, Rodney L. Filipino Spirit World. OMF Literature, 2006 Scott, William Henry J. Barangay: Sixteenth Century Philippine Culture and Society. Ateneo de Manila University Press, 2004 Texas A&M University (2003, October 9). Patient-centered Approach Just What The Doctor Ordered For